什么是阑尾切除术？手术和恢复

阑尾切除术是一种外科手术，以删除你的appendix, the small tube connected to your large intestine in the lower right side of your belly.

它并不完全清楚附录在身体中扮演的角色，但通过阑尾切除切除器官似乎没有任何长期的健康后果。

阑尾切除术是标准治疗阑尾炎，附录发炎和充满脓液的条件 - 由死细胞和炎性碎片组成的流体，其通常由感染导致。

阑尾炎pain resolves once the appendix is removed. (1) If appendicitis is not treated quickly, the appendix can rupture, releasing bacteria into the abdomen and potentially leading to a life-threatening infection called败血症。This can happen within 48 to 72 hours of the onset of阑尾炎症状。（2)

Because of this danger, appendicitis is considered a medical emergency, and the appendix is typically removed within 24 hours of the condition’s being diagnosed. Complications have been shown to increase after that period of time. (3)

In some cases where appendicitis is caught too late and the appendix has already ruptured — leading to infection or an abscess formation around the burst appendix — your medical team might decide to first treat the infection with antibiotics and then remove your appendix a few weeks later. (4)

Because an appendectomy is usually an emergency procedure, there isn't a lot you can do to prepare for it. You will be placed under general anesthesia for the surgery, so it's important to refrain from eating or drinking for at least six hours beforehand — this will reduce your risk of complications from the anesthesia drugs. (2)

To further reduce your risk of complications, let your doctor know if you have:

• 任何过敏
• 一种神经系统疾病，如中风或迷你中风的历史
• 心脏病
• Lung disease, including asthma andemphysema或者阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停
• 糖尿病
• Kidney disease

您还应该通知您的医生您的抽烟，酒精和药物习惯，以及您正在服用的任何补充剂，草药补救措施或毒品，如blood thinners（includingaspirin）。（1）在手术室，工作人员将插入手臂中的静脉内（iv）线，为您提供液体，抗生素和麻醉药物。（2）

为了帮助您呼吸，您也可以通过插入塑料管插入气管（气管）并连接到呼吸机中的程序。然后，您的外科医生将在无意识的同时进行阑尾切除术。（2）

There are two types of appendectomy procedures: open andlaparoscopic。

在开放的阑尾切除术期间，您的外科医生将在腹部右下方进行单一，两到四英寸长的切口，然后通过您的脂肪和肌肉切割，以达到您的附录。您的外科医生将从大肠中绑掉附录，削减您的附录，然后用无菌液体清洗该区域并关闭切口。

Laparoscopic appendectomy, on the other hand, is a bit more complicated. It begins with three small (less than an inch long) incisions in the abdomen. (5)在一个狭缝中，您的外科医生将插入喷嘴以使腹部充气，用二氧化碳气体将腹部膨胀，允许您的附录更容易看到。

在第二次切口中，您的外科医生将插入腹腔镜，带有光和相机的薄管，在视频监视器上显示腹部。然后，您的外科医生将使用手术器械通过第三个切口删除附录，使用视频显示器指导方式。同样，程序结束，用洗涤区域并关闭切口。（1）

If, during a laparoscopic appendectomy, your surgeon discovers that you have a阑尾破裂或者腹膜炎（腹部衬砌的膜的感染），可能需要转换到开放手术。（1）

The laparoscopic procedure usually results in a shorter hospital stay, less pain, earlier recovery, and fewer complications, such as surgical infections.As a report published in April 2018 in theWorld Journal of Emergency Surgery注意，全球大多数外科医生选择在腹腔镜接近的腹腔镜接近治疗简单和复杂复杂的急性阑尾炎。但它尚未一致考虑了“黄金标准”，因为经营时间需要更长时间，增加了腹部脓肿风险，并且它的成本超过了开放的阑尾切除术。（6)

如果您有：

• 严重的腹部肿胀，可能阻碍外科医生的观点
• 如果您的附录已经破裂（5）
• Peritonitis或脓肿（7)
  
• 过去或多个以前的腹部手术
• 肥胖（5）
  
• Pregnancy (8)
  

您可以期待在手术后一两天内留下医院，并在几周后从阑尾切除术中完全恢复。一些腹腔镜程序是在门诊的基础上完成的。（2）你的医生可能会给你服药，因为你的痛苦morphine,oxycodone, orhydromorphone。

在腹腔镜阑尾切除术后，请勿抬起重物或参与剧烈活动，或在开放的阑尾切除术后10至14天。（1）

To reduce pain, support your abdomen with a pillow or other soft object when you咳嗽，笑，打喷嚏或做任何其他腹部运动。（1）

以下是其他有用的恢复提示：

• Don't fight sleep — your body needs rest to heal.
• Wash your hands before and after touching your incision area.
• 避免浴缸，直到拆除缝线或甾体带。
• Don't wear tight or rough clothing.
• Use engaging activities, such as music or games, to distract you from your pain.
• 当你觉得准备好的时候回到工作或上学。如果他们的阑尾炎简单，孩子们通常可以在大约一周内回到学校，但首先与你的医生讨论它。（9)
  

Deborah Shapiro的其他报告。