NSAIDS

什么是NSAID？

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Medically Reviewed

NSAIDSwork by blocking the production of prostaglandins, chemicals in the body that cause pain and inflammation.

非甾体类抗炎药或NSAIDS是缓解疼痛并减轻炎症的药物。

它们用于治疗各种疾病，包括：

  • Rheumatoid arthritis
  • Osteoarthritis
  • 肌腱炎
  • Muscle aches
  • 牙疼
  • Backaches
  • 痛风pain
  • 囊炎
  • Menstrual cramps
  • Fever
  • Aches caused by the common cold
  • 预防某些癌症和心脏病

药物通过阻止生产来起作用prostaglandins, chemicals in the body that cause pain and inflammation.

Aspirinwas the first NSAID, made in 1897 when German chemist Felix Hoffman and the Bayer Company converted salicylic acid into acetylsalicylic acid.

However, the key ingredient in aspirin — white willow bark — has been used since ancient times.

NSAIDSare available in both prescription and over-the-counter (OTC) forms.

Prescription NSAIDs

处方NSAID包括：

OTC NSAIDs

NSAIDSavailable without a prescription include:

  • 布洛芬(Motrin, Advil, Nuprin, Medipren)
  • Aspirin (Bayer,Excedrin，Bufferin）
  • 萘普生钠(Aleve)
  • Ketoprofen (Orudis KT)

NSAID风险

NSAIDScan cause severe or life-threatening gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding andulcersin some people.

NSAIDShave also been linked to a higher risk ofstrokes,心脏病, and heart-related deaths, especially when used for a long period of time.

Additionally, the drugs can worsen high blood pressure, and may cause kidney damage in people over 60 years of age.

Tell your doctor if you have the following conditions before taking an NSAID:

Researchers have found that a type of NSAID known asCOX-2抑制剂（例如celebrex）不太可能引起胃肠道出血和疼痛。

告诉您的医生所有其他药物，娱乐性药物和您在NSAID时服用的补充剂。

Because different medications — such as combination drugs used to treat the symptoms of colds or flu — may contain different types of NSAIDs, be aware when taking these drugs to avoid the risks of serious side effects or overdose.

NSAID Side Effects

Some common side effects of NSAIDs include:

NSAIDScan cause serious side effects. Tell your doctor right away if you experience any of the following:

  • 嘴，脸，嘴唇，舌头，脚踝，脚，小腿，手或眼睛区域肿胀
  • Ringing in the ears(tinnitus)
  • 瘙痒
  • 严重的rash或者hives
  • Red, peeling skin
  • Unexplained bruising and bleeding
  • 不寻常的体重增加
  • 血腥，黑色或磨砂膏的粪便
  • Bloody orcloudy urine
  • Blurred vision
  • 严重的stomach pain
  • Vomit看起来像咖啡渣
  • Wheezing, trouble breathing, or unusual咳嗽
  • Chest pain or fast heartbeat
  • Flu-like symptoms
  • Extreme fatigue
  • Yellowing of the eyes or skin (黄疸)
  • Sensitivity to light

NSAIDS和Pregnancy

怀孕期间使用NSAID有些争议。

通常不建议在怀孕三个月的情况下使用NSAID，因为新生婴儿的并发症风险增加。

There is also some evidence that suggests using prescription-strength NSAIDs during the first half of pregnancy may increase the risk of miscarriage.

2015年，食品药品监督管理局（FDA）发表了以下关于怀孕期间使用NSAID和其他止痛药的声明：

"Pregnant women should always consult with their healthcare professional before taking any prescription or OTC medicine. Women taking pain medicines who are considering becoming pregnant should also consult with their healthcare professionals to discuss the risks and benefits of pain medicine use."

NSAIDSare generally considered safe to use during breastfeeding.

NSAIDS的狗

某些非甾体抗炎药是总经理的批准pain in dogs.

They're often used in animals with arthritis or those that have just had surgery.

狗的NSAID包括：

  • Carprofen（Novox或Rimadyl）
  • Deracoxib (Deramaxx)
  • Etodolac (Etogesic)
  • Firocoxib (Previcox)
  • Meloxicam (Metacam)
  • Tepoxalin (Zubrin)

These medicines are usually safe for dogs, but they have risks and may cause liver, kidney, ordigestive problems.

在给您的狗NSAID之前，请与您的兽医交谈。

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