Digestive Health

您最燃烧的大便问题，回答

The color, texture, and smell of human waste can offer important insight into your health.

Chris Iliades, MD
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an empty toilet paper roll, representing poop questions
您的健康困境的答案可能在您的凳子上。 Getty Images

There are probably many other things you’d rather think about than your stools. But the bottom line is that they can tell you a lot about your health.

一个bowel movement在消化过程的最后一站。关于two quarts of liquid and solid waste pass through your body each day. The solid waste is your stool. Healthy stool, for instance, contains some fluids, undigested food — mostly in the form of fiber — and dead cells that have shed from the linings of your intestines. Ideally, they should be well-formed, elliptical, and brown in color, though this can vary from person to person.

尽管凳子的颜色，一致性，频率甚至其气味的变化都可以很好地表明可能的消化问题，但它很容易成为错误的警报。“有时候只是他们吃的东西，”爱德华·洛夫图斯（Edward Loftus），医学博士胃肠病学教授梅奥诊所in Rochester, Minnesota. “You don’t want to react too much to one single change. But if it’s been going on for longer for a week, and you don’t have a good explanation, you should tell your doctor about it.”

Here’s what to look for in the color, texture, shape, and frequency of your stools so you know what’s normal and when you should see a doctor.

你应该多久去一次？

Stool frequency is regulated by the amount of fiber and fluid you drink. Exercise and staying active also plays a role by encouraging healthy bowel movements. That means the frequency of bowel movements can vary quite a bit and still be considered normal, ranging from three bowel movements a day to three a week. The important thing to know is what’s normal for you and to pay attention to any notable changes.

Constipation当您的排便比平常少时，就会发生。粪便通常比正常人更难和干燥。根据国家癌症研究所（NCI）。这是您无法通过干燥的硬凳子的时候。

背部和胃痛是其他可能的粪便撞击的迹象。This often occurs when people take prescription painkillers or if they’ve been sedentary for long periods of time. Abusing high doses oflaxatives也可能导致粪便撞击。必要时可以使用灌肠来治疗问题。

On the flip side, diarrhea stools are more loose and watery and more frequent than normal. Diarrhea is more likely to be caused by an infection. These conditions can alternate or be persistent and include other symptoms, such as belly pain and腹胀, which may indicate an underlying health issue, such asirritable bowel syndrome(IBS), according to theU.S. Department of Health and Human Services。

有关的：Seriously Bloated: Warning Signs You Shouldn't Ignore

What Color Should My Poop Be?

The brown coloration of a healthy stool comes from the bile released by the liver changing colors as it travels through your intestines. Poop that’sa color other than browncould point to a health issue:

  • 黑色凳子While taking a vitamin that contains iron or medication that containsbismuth subsalicylate可能导致这一点，黑凳子也会表明一个更严重的问题。Loftus博士说：“深黑凳子可能是由于胃中流血，十二指肠溃疡或肿瘤引起的。”
  • White Stools另一方面，白色也可能令人担忧。Loftus解释说，这可能是由于缺乏胆汁而发生的，可能表明胆管中的阻塞。这可能是由于肝脏甚至胆管癌存在问题。
  • 红色凳子Certain foods, such as beets, could turn your poop red. But it could also mean that blood is coming from the lower area of the colon, which is a sign of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Blood in your feces could also becaused by hemorrhoidsorcolon cancer。
  • 绿凳吃蔬菜，例如绿叶蔬菜，可能会导致绿色的凳子。服用铁补充剂也会使您的便便绿色。绿色凳子的一个可能的问题是，当胆汁过快地穿过肠道时，它与您的大便一起保持绿色。Gastrointestinal Society, the Canadian Society of Intestinal Research。
  • Gray StoolsLight-colored stools may related to a liver orgallbladder problem。Other possible causes for stools that appears pale, gray, or clay-colored include viral hepatitis,gallstones, or alcoholic hepatitis.

为什么便便有时会漂浮？

通常，您的凳子应该沉入厕所的底部。这是因为粪便的含量通常比水更密集。肠道感染或饮食变化，将更多气体引入消化系统，例如高纤维或高脂饮食，可能会导致粪便漂浮。具有影响脂肪吸收的胃肠道情况的人，例如celiac diseaseorCrohn's disease，经常有漂浮的凳子。

How Should Healthy Poop Smell?

It's perfectly normal for poop to have an unpleasant odor. The smell comes from bacteria in the colon that help break down digested food. Poop may smell different due to changes in your diet. But very foul-smelling feces can be a sign of a serious medical condition, such as:

当我大便时，为什么会疼？

Bowel movements should pass easily with little straining. There are a number of reasons why pooping could be uncomfortable. The most common reason is inadequate fiber intake. According to the营养与饮食学院, the recommended daily amount of fiber for women is 25 grams (g); for men it’s 38 g. After age 50, though, fiber intake recommendations decrease to 21 g for women and 30 g for men.

Difficulty pooping could also be the result anal fissures, tears in the anus, as well ashemorrhoids。克罗恩病，溃疡性结肠炎或其他沿胃肠道炎症的疾病也可能导致疼痛的排便。严重的疼痛可能表明肿瘤阻塞肛门或直肠。

重要的是要让您的医生知道您的凳子上是否有血液，黑凳子，苍白的凳子，发烧，抽筋，mucusin your stool, pain, floating stool, or weight loss. Knowing thefacts about fecesis no joke.

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